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September 1923, Vol 7, No. 2 >

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ARTICLE | September 1923

THE TRANSFUSING OF UNMODIFIED BLOOD

OSBORNE A. BRINES
Arch Surg. 1923;7(2):306-320. doi:10.1001/archsurg.1923.01120020072005.
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This paper is presented after a study of 400 blood transfusions which I have given in the last two years. In the first 150, the citrate method was employed, and in the remainder, the direct method of giving whole blood. A comparison of the two methods is attempted and recent valuable contributions to the literature have been reviewed for the consideration of variations in technic and the explanation of phenomena relative to blood transfusions. The brief discussion of indications and results is an expression of various truths which cannot but be realized in a general way by the one performing the transfusions.

HISTORY  If we could consider in detail the history of blood transfusions we would be deeply impressed by the extremely interesting sequence of events which have led to present day achievements. At first, there were short periods of success, followed by long intermissions when the procedure was considered

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