RT Journal
A1 Quaid GA, Cave C, Robinson C, Williams MA, Solomkin JS
T1 PReferential loss of cxcr-2 receptor expression and function in patients who have undergone trauma
JF Archives of Surgery
JO Archives of Surgery
YR 1999
FD December 1
VO 134
IS 12
SP 1367
OP 1372
DO 10.1001/archsurg.134.12.1367
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.134.12.1367
AB Background 
    In response to traumatic injury or infection, human neutrophils are directed to the site of injury or infection by CXC chemokines that signal via 2 receptors, CXCR-1 and CXCR-2. In vitro studies have shown preferential loss of CXCR-2 expression and function after exposure to interleukin 8, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), C5a, and tumor necrosis factor α.Hypothesis 
    CXCR-2 expression and function are preferentially down-regulated in severely injured patients.Methods 
    We studied 20 patients within 24 hours of admission to the hospital. Patients with head injuries were excluded. Injury Severity Scores (range, 1-50; mean, 35) were calculated for each patient. To determine expression of CXCR-1 and CXCR-2, flow cytometry was used. Intracellular calcium mobilization and neutrophil migration to 10 nmol of interleukin 8, growth-related oncogene α, and fMLP was measured to determine receptor function.Results 
    Compared with CXCR-1, there is a greater loss of CXCR-2 receptor expression in the severely injured group (P = .01). Neutrophils from patients with Injury Severity Scores greater than 16 did not mobilize calcium in response to growth-related oncogene α. However, there was no loss of calcium mobilization to interleukin 8 or fMLP. Chemotaxis to various stimulants is decreased in all injury groups.Conclusions 
    CXCR-2 expression and function are preferentially down-regulated in severely injured patients. Our data suggest that there are multiple mechanisms, in addition to receptor down-regulation, that play a role in the loss of migration and calcium flux in human neutrophils after injury.