RT Journal
A1 SCHOLL AJ, HINMAN F, VON LICHTENBERG A, et al
T1 REview of urologic surgery
JF Archives of Surgery
JO Archives of Surgery
YR 1939
FD November 1
VO 39
IS 5
SP 838
OP 895
DO 10.1001/archsurg.1939.01200170149013
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1939.01200170149013
AB KIDNEY 
    Surgical Technic. 
    —Fagerstrom1 stated that nephroureterectomy is an operation that should be reserved for certain uncommon types of pathologic conditions. Its indication, while at times precise, can be determined only by a thorough preliminary examination of the patient, including the making of proper ureterograms.The indication for nephroureterectomy in cases of papillary tumors of the renal pelvis is today unquestioned. In other types of pathologic lesions the indication hinges mainly on the size and hydrodynamics of the ureter. When grossly infected kidneys are removed, it is unwise to leave behind a large, nondraining ureteral pouch.The difficulties of total ureterectomy are not prohibitive, and when combined with nephrectomy the additional time involved is usually inconsequential. The patient presenting average surgical risk withstands the combined procedure with no greater shock than that attending simple nephrectomy. Secondary ureterectomy is usually performed after months of ill health have debilitated the patient,