TY  - JOUR
T1  - FLuid and electrolytes in the aged
AU  - Luckey AE, Parsa CJ
Y1  - 2003/10/01
N1  - 10.1001/archsurg.138.10.1055
JO  - Archives of Surgery
SP  - 1055
EP  - 1060
VL  - 138
IS  - 10
N2  - Objective 
    To review the physiological changes in fluid and electrolytes that occur in aging.Data Sources 
    Data collected for this review were identified from a MEDLINE database search of the English-language literature. The indexing terms were fluids, intravenous fluids, fluid resuscitation, fluid management, perioperative, electrolytes, aged, elderly, hemodynamics, hyponatremia, hypernatremia, hypocalcemia, hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hypermagnesemia, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hyperkalemia. Relevant references from articles obtained by means of the above search terms were also used.Study Selection 
    All pertinent studies were included. Only articles that were case presentations or did not specifically address the topic were excluded.Data Synthesis 
    The fastest-growing segment of the population in the United States is individuals 65 years or older. It is imperative that health care professionals review the physiological changes that manifest during the aging process. Fluids and electrolytes are important perioperative factors that undergo age-related changes. These changes include impaired thirst perception; decreased glomerular filtration rate; alterations in hormone levels, including antidiuretic hormone, atrial natriuretic peptide, and aldosterone; decreased urinary concentrating ability; and limitations in excretion of water, sodium, potassium, and acid.Conclusions 
    There are age-related alterations in the homeostatic mechanisms used to maintain electrolyte and water balance. Health care providers must familiarize themselves with these alterations to guide treatment of this growing population.
SN  - 0004-0010
M3  - doi: 10.1001/archsurg.138.10.1055
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.138.10.1055
ER  -